Engine for portable pneumatic drills.



No. 653,248. 7 Patented July [0, I900. H. J. KIMMAN.

ENGINE FOR PORTABLE PNEUMATIC DRILLS.

A plication filed. Nov. 28 1899.)

(No Model.)

7 Sheets-Shani I.

No. 653,248. Patented July I0, I900. H. J. KIMMAN.

ENGINE FUR PORTABLE PNEUMATIC DRILLS.

(Application filed. Nov. 28; 1899.) (NolodaL) 7 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J/mmarz No. 653,248. Patented July It], I900. H. J. KIM

ENGINE FOR PORTABLE MATIC DRILLS.

I (Application filed. Nov. 28, 1899.) (No Model.) 7 Sheets-Sheet 3.

". l'ln I" im ,igiianmaiiw v l I l No. 653,248. Patented July 10, I900. H. J. KIMMAN.

ENGINE FOR PORTABLE PNEUMATIC DRILLS.

(Application filed Nov. 28, 1899.) D 7 Sheets-Sheet 4,

vb V t X 1 I Parana: ASHINGYON,D.C.

No. 653,248. Patented July l0, I900.

H. J. KIMMAN. ENGINE FOR PORTABLE PNEUMATIC DBILLS.

(Application mem rov. 2s, 1e9.) (No Model.) 7 Sheets--Sheet 5.

izwnl or No. 653,248. Patented July 10, IQOIU. H. J. KIMMAN.

ENGINE FOR PORTABLE PNEUMATIC DRILLS.

(Application filed. Nov. 28, 1899.) (No Model.) 7 $heets$heet 6,

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No. 653,248. Patented July I0, I900.

H. J. KIMMAN. ENGINE FOB PORTABLE PNEUMATIC DRILLS.

(Application filed Nov. 28, 1899.) (No Model.) 7 Sheets-8heet 7'.

jzwiim Erwy Jfihman,

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Unrrnn *STATES HENRY JAMES KIMMAN,

PATENT rrrcn.

OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

ENGINE-FOR PORTABLE PNEUMATIC DRILLS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 653,248, dated July 10, 1900..

Application filed. November 28,1899. Serial No. 738,510. ma as.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY J AMES KIMMAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chi cago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Engines for Portable Pneumatic Drills, of which the following is a speci fication.

My invention relates to mechanisms of that classin which are combined fluid-pressure engines or motors portable in their nature and adapted for the operating of drills and other tools and mechanisms for use in assisting hand labor and minimizing the cost of construction and production of structural appliances and devices.

The principal object of my invention is to construct a simple, economical, and efficient portable pneumatic power-transmitting appliance for the operation of drills and other tools and attachments and have the several component parts of the mechanism carried by a common shell or casing, so as to be readily, quickly, and easily held and operated in use.

A further objectof my invention is to combine and arrange the several component parts comprising the apparatus as a whole in one compact organized tool so arranged as to insure a constant action of the pneumatic engine or motor through its crank-shaft on the tool and in such manner as to enable the engine or motor to be reversed in the direction of its running for reversing the rotation of the tool or instrument or appliance operated therefrom and thereby.

The invention consists, primarily, in the combination of two sets of fluid-pressure cylinders, each set having two cylinders, with the cylinders of one set opposite to and in line with the cylinders of the other set and the two sets of cylinders arranged in parallel lines longitudinally of the casing and in dilferent transverse planes and having such relation to each other that a cylinder of each set will receive pressure at the same time, and simultaneously a cylinder of each set will exhaust pressure, thereby maintaining a constant action on the crank-shaft. v

The invention consists, f urther, in the construction, arrangement, and operation of the fluid-pressure cylinders in their relation to each other and to the crank-shaft, so that a cylinder of one set is operative with the diagonally-opposite cylinder of the other set either for receiving or exhausting pressure.

The invention further consists in the construction and arrangement of the induction and eduction passages and ports for the cylinders in connection with a controlling-valve for each line of passages and ports; and the invention consists, finally, in the features, combinations, and details of construction hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of an organized mechanism constructed in accordance with my improvements; Fig. 2, a central longitudinal section taken on line 2 of Figsrfi and 4 looking in the directionjof thearrows; Fig. 3, an elevation of the rear end of, the casing with the reversing-handle partly broken away and showing in full and dotted lines the different positions of the handle in operating the instrument; Fig. at, a transverse section taken on line at of Fig. 2 looking inthe direction of the arrow; Fig. 5, a transverse section taken on line 5 of Fig. 2 looking in the direction of the arrow; Fig. 6, a transverse section taken on line 6 of Fig. 2 looking in the di rection-of the arrow; Fig. 7, a projected view of the plug or tapered reversing-valve; Fig. 8, a projected view of the shell or casing of the plug or tapered reversing-valve; Fig. 9, a transverse section taken on line 9 of Fig. 2 looking in the direction of the arrow; Fig. 10, a transverse section taken on line 10 of Fig. 2 looking in the direction of the arrow, being, in fact, an end elevation of the main shell or casing; Fig. 11, a transverse section taken on line 11 of Fig. 2 looking in the direction of the arrow; Fig. 12, a transverse section taken on line 12 of Fig. 2 looking in the direction of the arrow; Fig. 13, adiagrammatic view taken on line 13 of Figs. 2, 5, 6, 9, and 10 looking in the direction of the arrows of Fig. 2; and Fig. 14., a diagrammatic view taken on line 14. of Figs. 2, 5, and 6 looking in the direction of the arrow of Fig. 2.

In constructing a mechanism in accordance with my improvements I make ajmainshell orcasingA of the desired size, shape, and

strength, and preferably of a triangular shape in cross-section, so as to provide What may be termed two sides and a top portion. This casing is adapted to inclose practically all of the operative and other parts of the mechanism and to support such parts, as well as to efliciently protect the same from exterior infiuences, such as dust, dirt, and other foreign substances or materials. This shell or casing has on each of its side walls two cylinders divided into a rear and a front set, the rear set comprising the cylinders B and B and the front set the cylinders O and G. The cylinders of each set stand essentially at right angles to each other and are transversely parallel with each other, but in different transverse planes, and the cylinder on one side of one set is in line With the cylinder on the same side of the other set, so that the arrangement is one by which the cylinders have parallelism with each other and with the opposing cylinders, and at the same time the cylinders stand at such inclination as if continued acentral line would come central to a common apex for the two cylinders of a set. Each cylinderis a pressure-cylinderand has therein a piston D, and each piston has pivotally or jointedly connected therewith a piston rod or stem D, the four rods or stems having a connection with a crank-shaft. The rods or stems of the pistons of the rear set of cylinders connect with the crank E of the shaft E, and the rods or stems of the pistons for the front set of cylinders connect with the crank E of such shaft, the connection and arrangement being one that causes the pistons to act on the crankshaft at different times and in different positions, so as to avoid what is commonlyknown as-a dead-center. The arrangementis also one which gives successive impulses to the crank-shaft, so as to produce the uniform rotation of the same and practically a constant transmission of power and motion from the shaft. This result is had by the mode of transmitting pressure to the cylinders as hereinafter described, by which the pressure is operating on a cylinder of each set at the same time and simultaneously therewith pressure is being exhausted from a cylinder of each set, so that there is always a pressure from the'two diagonally-opposite cylinders on their respective pistons being transmitted to the crank-shaft.

The front end of the main shell or casing is closed by a head or cap A and the rear end is closed by a head or cap A The head or cap A has a neck or extension A, and this head or cap, with its neck or extension, carries the 11 uid-pressu re chamber,the controlling-valves for the ports and passages from the fluidpressure chamber to the pressure-cydinders, the induction and eduction ports and passages for the fluid-pressure,and the valve controlling the induction and eduction ports and passages.

The head or cap has a valve-chamber F and a valve-chamber F located on the sides of the head or cap correspondingly with the location of the pressure-cylinders in the main shell or casing. Each valve-chamber has therein a valve G, the body of which has a series of flanges g, dividing the valve longitudinally into three annular passages g, g and g and for convenience of reference the valves G will hereinafter be designated as triple valves in describing their use and operation. triple valve has a rod or stem G pivoted or jointed to its inner end, and each rod or stem terminates in a ring H, which encircles an eccentric H on the crank-shaft so arranged in relation to the cranks as to give the proper reciprocation to the triple valves alternately and successively for the induction of fluidpressure to the pressure-cylinders and the eduction of fluid-pressure from such cylinders. The triple valve for the chamber F controls the fluid-pressure to and from the cylinders B and O, and the triple valve for the chamber F controls the fluid-pressure to and from the cylinders B and O, as hereinafter more fully explained.

A fluid-supply pipe I is entered into the main shell or casing and communicates with a passage a in such shell or casing. The passage a communicates through a port a in the cap or head A with a fluid-pressure chamber K, located in the head or cap and having its receiving portion in a wall J on the head or cap, and the chamber K is continued or extended into a smaller chamber K in the neck or extension A as shown in Fig. 2.

A second pressure-chamber L is formed in the cap or head and separated from the main pressure-chamber K bya wall L. The pressure-chambers K and L are closed against each other, except by means of the ports and passages hereinafterdescribed, by a shell or casing M, entered into the cap or head and its neck or extension, as shown in Fig. 2. This shell or casing M carries a plug or tapered valve N, having a central longitudinal passage N. This plug-valve is connected by a screw or pin a with a ring or band 0 of a handle P, so that by turning the handle to the right or left or forward or backward, as may be the case, the valve will be rotated in its shell or bushing. The valve and its shell or bushing and the handle are secured in place on the cap or head by means of a screwthreaded plug Q, entered into the end of the neck, as shown in Fig. 2.

The crank-shaft E is mounted at each end in a suitable box R, each box being screwthreaded or otherwise attached to its end or cap of the casing or shell, as shown in Fig. 2. The shaft at its operative end has thereon a pinion or gear S, which meshes with a gear T on the crank of a tool-holder U, and the toolholder, as shown, has its rear end supported in a bearing V, with ball-bearin gs between the tool-holder and its support. The tool-holder shown is of a form adapted to receive the shank of a drill or other tool in the tapered opening therein or to have such tool screwthreaded onto its end, as may be desirable.

It is necessary for the pistons of the pres sure-cylinders to have the fluid-pressure sup Each ports I) and 0, formed in the cap or head A so that through the passages and ports I) and b fluid-pressure is admitted to and exhausted from the pressure chambers or cylinders B and B and so that through the passages and ports cand c fluid-pressure is admitted to and exhausted from the pressure chambers or cylinders O and G for operating the pistons in such chambers or cylinders.

The casing or bushing M has therein a slot or passage d in communication with the chamber K and also in communication with a port din the valve N, which port opens into the passage N, so that fluid-pressure can flow from the chamber K into the passage N, and the arrangement is one by which fluid-pressure is constantly admitted into the passage N, for which purposethe slot or recess d is of a length to cover the semirotation of the valve for reversing purposes. The fluid-pressure admitted into the passage N flows out through an elongated port or passage e transversely of the valve, which port communicates with a port 6 in the casing or bushing leading into the fluid-pressure chamber L. At each end of the fluid-pressure chamber is a port or passage, one of which, f, communicates with the chamber F of a valve G, and the other, f, with the chamber F of the opposite valve G, as shown in Fig. 6, so that with the movements of the valve fluid-pressure can flow from the chamber L to the pressure chambers or cylinders.

Adjacent to the chamber F is a passage h, which communicates at its outer end with a port 6 and at its inner end with the chamber F of the valve G through a port 7t, so that with the valve in proper position fluid-pressure can pass from the chamber L to the cylinder B. Adjacent to the valve-chamber F is a passage 2', which communicates at its outer end with a port I) and at itsinner end with a port 1', leading into the valve-chamber F, so that with the valve G of such chamber in properposition fluid-pressure can flow from the chamber L into the passage t' to pass to the cylinder '3. These passages h and t', with their respective ports I), h, and t, are both induction and eduction passages for the pressure chambers or cylinders B and 13. With the valves in the position shown in Figs. 5 and 6 the passage 7t is an eduction-passage for the cylinder B and the passage 7'. an induction-passage for the cylinder B, as indicated by the arrows in said figures. The

valve on the eduction side has moved to a position where the port it is in communication -with the passage g of the valve, and this passage is in turn in communication with the port Z of the eduction passage or port 9%, leading to an eduction-chamber, asv hereinafter described. The valve on the induction side at the same time has moved to a position where the induction-passage f is in communication with the passage 9 of the valve, so

that pressure flows from the chamber L.

through the port of such chamber and the passage of the valve into the passage t'through the port 2', and thence through the port I) to the passage 1) of the chamber or cylinder B, supplying pressure to such chamber to operate the piston therein, while fluid-pressure is being exhausted from the chamber or cylinder of the other or companion piston. The reversal of position of the valves brings the valve on the right-hand side of Figs. 5 and 6 into position to be an induction-valve, permitting pressure to flow through the port f, passage g port it, passage h, and port I) to the chamber or cylinder 13, and at the same time the valve on the left hand of Figs. 5 and 6 has reached a position where such valve be comes an eduction-valve, permitting fluidpressure to pass from the chamber or cylinder 3 through the port I), passage 2', port 2", and passage g of the valve and port m into the common eduction-passage 0, leading to the eduction-chamber, as hereinafter described. It will thus be seen that the two valves are alternately induction and eduction valves,

and this change in the operation is had through the eccentric on the crank-shaft and is coincident with the movements of the pistons in the respective chambers B and B and the action of such pistons on the crank-shaft.

Adjacent to the chamber F in the capor head is a passage 7', which at its outer end communicates with a port 0, and at its inner end, through a port j, has communication with the valve-chamber F. A passage ad jacent to the chamber F in the head or cap at its outer end communicates wit-h a port 0, and at its inner end, through a port it, has communication with the valve-chamber F in the cap or head. The passage j, with its ports, is the induction and eduction passage for the pressure chamber or cylinder 0, and the passage 70, with its ports, is the induction and eduction passage for the chamber or cylinder O,accordingas such passages are opened or closed to the fluid-pressure supply by the movements of the triple valves.

As shown in Figs. 5 and 6, the valve on the right-hand side is an ind uction-valve for supplying pressure to the chamber or cylinder 0, such pressure flowing through the port or passage f, passage 9 of the valve, port j, and passage j into and through the passage 0 from the port 0. The valve on the left-hand side of Figs. 5 and 6 is an eduction-valve, permitting the fluid-pressure to escape from the chamber or cylinder 0 by flowing out through the passage 0 and port 0 into the passage 70 and port 70, passage g of the valve into the eduction-passage m to escape through thecommon eduction-port 0 into the fluid-pressure-eduction chamber, as hereinafter de- IIO scribed. The reversal of the position of the valves brings the valve on the right-hand side of Figs. 5 and 6 into use as an eduction-valve, permitting fluid-pressure to escape from the chamber or cylinder 0, through the passage 0, port 0, passage j, port j, and passage g of the valve, into the passage Z and the port Z and out through the common eductionport n to the educ'tion-chamber. At the same time the valve on the left-hand side of Figs. 5 and 6 has been moved to a position where it becomes the induction-valve for the chamber or cylinder 0, permitting pressure to flow from the chamber L, through the passage f, into the passage g of the valve, and thence through the port it and passage to the port 0' and enter the chamber or cylinder by the passage 0 to exert the force or pressure on the piston of such chamber or cylinder. It will thus be seen that the two valves, through the action of the eccentric on the crank-shaft, are also the induction and eduction valves for the chambers or cylinders G and O for admitting fluid-pressure to and exhausting it from such cylinders coincident with the movements of the piston and the crank-shaft, precisely the same as with the operation of such valves for the chambers or cylinders B and B in supplying pressure to and exhausting it from such chambers or cylinders.

The common eduction-port nfor the eduction from the passages h and Z and the common eduction-port 0 for the eduction from the passages 2' and'm both lead into an eduction-chamber 19, formed in the cap or head A as shown in Figs. 2 and 6, so that the eduction from both sets of pressure chambers 0r cylinders is carried to a common eduction-chamber. A port 10 leads from the common eduction-chamberp and communicates with a lateral passage or recess q in the body of the valve N, which passage or recess also extends longitudinally of the valve, as shown in Figs. 2 and 5. The passage or recess q communicates through a port 1" with a pressure-eduction chamber 5, and this port is formed in the casing or bushing ofthe valve. In this casing or bushing, transversely on opposite sides of the port, are a port 1" and a port 0*, both of which communicate with the chamber s and with the passage or recess q. The chamber 8 has a contracted mouth or portion .9, which communicates with a transverse passage 15, cut through the wall of the neck or extension A and this passage in turn communicates with a series of holes t in the ring or band 0 when the handle stands in one position, as shown in Figs. 2 and 4, or with holes 25 in such ring or band when the position of the handle is reversed, so as to bring the holes of the ring or band in alinement with the passage t.

The fluidpressure educted from the respective chambers or cylinders flows out through the eduction-passages, as previously described, and enters the common receivingchamber 19, and from such chamber passes to shaft, giving a reverse movement to the tool.

This operation of reversal is had by turning the handle portion into the position shown by dotted lines in Fig. 3, it being understood that with the handle in the position shown by the full lines of Fig. 3 the crank-shaft is driven to advance or operate the tool or instrument. The turning of the handle into the position shown in dotted lines does not affect the transmission of pressure to the fluidpressure chambers or cylinders, as with such change in position the passage 01 and the port d are still in communication for fluidto flow through the various ports and passages, as already described, to supply pressure to the chambers or cylinders; but with such change of position the application of the pressure is the reverse from its application with thehandle in the position of the full lines, producing the reverse reciprocation for the pistons of the cylinders, and consequently a reverse rotation for the crank-shaft and the tool or instrument. The pressure is exhausted from the cylinders through the various ports and passages in the manner already described, except that with the change of position of the handle the final discharge-holes 15 come into position to exhaust the pressure to the atmosphere.

I The movement of the handle simply moves the controlling-valve N into a different position, but without changing the relation of such valve to the supply ports and passages and likewise without changing the relation'of such valve to the eduction ports and passages, except as to the ports 1' and r which are operative according as the position of the valve is changed. The semirotation of the valve is permitted by reason of the elongated recess a in the casing or bushing M, through which the stem of the pin or screw it passes, asshown in Fig. 2. eral elongated transverse passages of the casing or bushing and the valve are to be so proportioned as to permit the semirotation of the valve without closing the ports which coact therewith. The entire fluid-pressure is thus put under the control of a single semirotatable valve, which is operated by turning a handle, so that by this means complete and perfect control is had of the fluid-pressure, and at the same time the engine or motor, composed of several cylinders, is rendered readily reversible for the operator to advance or withdraw the tool or instrument. The arrangement of the cylinders into sets is one which enables fluid-pressure to be applied to diagonally opposite cylinders, as shown by the light shading of the cylinders B and O in Fig.

It is to be understood that the sev- IIO 13, which are receiving pressure simultaneously and operating the pistons of such cylinders to rotate the crank-shaft, and simultaneously flnid-pressure is being withdrawn from the diagonally-opposite cylinders B and O. (Indicated by the heavy shading of Fig. 13.) It will thus be seen that two diagonally-opposite cylinders are receiving pressure and at the same time two diagonally-opposite cylinders are discharging pressure, by which arrangement an equalization of pressure and consequent equalization of power transmitted are had, which equalization operates continuously on the crankshaft, rendering such shaft operative under a continuous constant pressure from the opposite sides by the arrangement of pressure chambers or cylinders and their operating-pistons.

I claim- 1. In a portable pneumatic drillingmachine, the combination of two sets of fluidpressure cylinders arranged in different transverse planes and in lateral parallel lines to a crank-shaft, each set consisting of two cylinders with the cylinders of a set standing at an inclination to each other and in a transverse parallel line on opposite sides of the crank-shaft, a reciprocating piston in each cylinder, a crank-shaft having two cranks one for each set of pistons, and a triple valve common to the two cylinders on the same side of the crank-shaft, each valve controlling ports and passages for the induction of fluid-pressure to and the eduction of fluid-pressure from the two cylinders with which the valve coacts, substantially as described.

2. In a portable pneumatic drilling machine, the combination of a casing provided with two sets of fluid-pressure cylinders arranged in different transverse planes and in lateral parallel lines to a crank-shaft, each set consisting of two cylinders standing at an inclination to each other and arranged on opposite sides of the crank-shaft in a transverse parallel line with each other, a reciprocating piston in each cylinder, a rotating crankshaft connected with the piston in each cyl-' inder and a triple valve for the two cylinders in line on the same side of the crank-shaft, each valve common to the ports and passages of the two cylinders with which it coacts and operating to cut off fluid-pressure from and admit fluid-pressure toeach cylinder of its line of cylinders, and a tool-operating mechanism connected with and adapted tobe rotated by the crank-shaft in reverse'directions, substantially as described. 3. In a portable pneumatic drillingmachine, the combination of a casing provided with two sets of fluid-pressure cylinders arranged in different transverse planes and in lateral parallel lines with a crank-shaft, each set of cylinders consisting of two cylinders arranged on opposite sides of the crank-shaft at an inclination to each other and in the same transverse parallel line and diagonally opersame side of the crank-shaft with the valves arranged in a transverse plane and parallel with each other and with the cylinders-and connected with the crank-shaft to be operated thereby, each valve controlling induction and eduction ports and passages to regulate the admission and the exhaust of fluidpressure to and from its set of cylinders, simultaneously admitting pressure to two diagonally-opposite cylinders and exhausting pressure from two diagonally-opposite cylinders, and a tool-operating mechanism connected with and adapted to be rotated by the crankshaft, substantially as described.

4. In a portable pneumatic drilling-machine, the combination of a casing, a front set and a rear set of fluid-pressure cylinders in the casing, each set of cylinders consisting of two cylinders standing at an inclination to each other and arranged in parallel lines on opposite sides of a crank-shaft and in different transverse planes, a reciprocating piston in each cylinder, a crank-shaft having a crank opposite each set of cylinders and connected with the pistons, a valve-casing forming a cap for the main casing and provided with a fluid-pressure chamber and valvechambers, one valve-chamber for each line of cylinders on the same side of the crankshaft, a triple valve for each valve-chamber connected with the crank-shaft and operated therefrom, controlling the induction ports and passages and the eduction ports and passages for the pressure-cylinders of each line of cylinders and a controlling valve for the fluid-pressure chamber, substantially as described.

5. In a portable pneumatic drilling-machine,.the combination of a main casing, a front set and a rear set of fluid-pressure cylinders in the casing, each set of cylinders consisting of two-cylinders arranged in a parallel line and at an inclination with each other for two cylinders to be in line on opposite sides of a crank-shaft, a reciprocating piston in each cylinder, a crank-shaft provided with a crank for each set of cylinders and connected with the. pistons of its cylinders, a valve-casing forming a cap for one end of the cylinder-casing and provided with a fluidpressure chamber and valvechambers, one valve-chamber for each line of pressure-cylinders on the same side of the crank-shaft, a triple valve in each valve-chamber connected with the crank-shaft andoperated therefrom and controlling the supply to and exhaust from the line of cylinders of fluid-pressure through the reciprocating movements of the triple valve, a valve controlling the induction of fluid from the pressure-chamber, and

eduction passages controlled by the same valve for exhausting the fluid-pressure from the cylinders, substantially as described.

6. In a portable pneumatic drilling-machine, the combination of a front set and a rear set of fluid-pressure cylinders, each set of cylinders consisting of two cylinders with a cylinder of one set laterally in line with a cylinder of the other set on the same side of a crank-shaft, and having the cylinders of a set transversely opposite each other for the two cylinders to stand inclined to each other and to a crank-shaft in a transverse parallel line, a triple valve for the two cylinders of each lateral line of cylinders common to both cylinders in the line with the two valves inclined to each other and to the crank-shaft, a piston for each cylinder, a crank-shaft operated from the traverse of the pistons and operating the triple valves, and induction ports and passages and eduction ports and passages for the cylinders of a line of cylinders both controlled by the triple valve of the line of cylinders for simultaneously supplying fluid pressure to and exhausting fluidpressure from two diagonally-opposite cylinders in each lateral line of cylinders, substantially as described.

7. In a portable pneumatic drillingmachine, the combination of a casing, a system of cylinders arranged in sets within the easing to form a front setand a rear set of cylinders, each set having its cylinders arranged on opposite sides of a crank-shat tin line with each other and standing at an inclination forming on each side of the crank-shaft a lateral line of cylinders, an induction-passage for fluid-pressure in the main casing, an induction and eduction passage both in one for each cylinder, a cap or head at one end of the main casing, a port in the cap or head for each cylinder-passage of the main casing, a valve-chamber for each line of cylinders, a triple valve in each valve-chamber controlling the ports in the cap or head, a fluidpressure chamber in the cap or head, 'a second fluid-pressure chamber communicating with the valve-chambers, and passages in the cap or head adjacent to the valve-chambers and controlled by the triple valve for admitting pressure to and exhausting pressure from the cylinder-passages of the casing through the ports therefor, substantially as described.

8. In a portable pneumatic drilling-machine, the combination of a main casing, a fluid-induction passage in said casing, a cap or head closing one end of the main casing, a port in the cap or head communicating with the fluid-induction passage of the casing, a main fluid-pressure chamber inthe head, a casing orbushing entered into the cap or head, a fluid-induction passage in the casing or bushing, a semirotating valve carried. by the casing or bushing, a port in the valve in communication with the passage of the valve casing or bushing, a longitudinal passage in the body of the valve, a port leading from the longitudinal passage, a port communicating with the port of the valve, and a second or inner fluid-pressure chamber receiving a' supply of fluid-pressure from the main fluid-pressure chamber through the valve and the ports and passages coacting therewith, substantially as described.

9. In a portable pneumatic drilling machine, the combination of a main casing, a fluid-induction passage in said casing, a cap or head closing one end of the main casing, a port in the cap or head communicating with the fluid-induction passage of the casing, a main fluid-pressure chamber in the head, a casing or bushing entered into the cap or head, a fluid-induction passage in the casing or bushing, a semirotating valve carried by the casing or bushing, a port in the valve in communication with the'passage of the valve casing or bushing, a longitudinal passage in the body of the valve, a port leading from the longitudinal passage, a port communicating with the port of the valve, a second orinner fluidpressure chamber receiving a supply of fluidpressure from the main pressure-chamber through the valve and the ports and passages coacting therewith, a valve-chamber at each end of the second orinner fluid-pressure chamber, a port leading from the chamber to each valve-chamber, and a triple valve in each valve-chamber controlling the induction and eduction of fluid-pressure, substantially as described.

10. In a portable pneumatic drilling-ma chine, the combination of a main casing, a fluid-induction passage in said casing, a cap or head closing one end of the main casing, a port in the cap or head communicating with the fluid-induction passage of the casing, a main fluid-pressure chamber in the head, a casing or bushing entered into the cap or head, a fluid-induction passage in the casing or bushing, a semirotating valve carried by the casing or bushing, a port in the valve in communication with the passage of the valve casing or bushing, a longitudinal passage in the body of the valve, a port leading from the longitudinal passage, a port communicating with the port of the valve, a second or innerfluidpressure chamber receiving a supply of fluidpressure from the main pressure-chamber through the valve, and the ports and passages coacting therewith, a valve-chamber at each end of the second or inner fluid-pressure chamber, a port leading from the chamber to each valve-chamber, a triple valve in each valvechamber controlling the induction and eduction of fluid-pressure, a line of cylinders on each side of the main casing, passages in the main casing communicating with the cylinders,-a port in the cap or head for each casing-passage, and passages adjacent to the valve-chambers in the cap or head for alternately supplying fluid-pressure to and exhausting fluid-pressure from the cylinders of each line of cylinders, substantially as described.

11. In a portable pneumatic drilling-machine, the combination of a main casing, an induction-passage for fluid-pressure in the main casing, a series of line-cylinders on each side of the main casing, induction and eduction passages both in one for the cylinders, a cap or head for closing one end of the casing, an induction-port in the cap or head communicating with the induction-passage of the casing, ports in the cap or head communicating with the induction-eduction passages of the casing, a fluid-pressure chamber in the cap or head, a semirotatable valve controlling the induction from the fluid-pressure chamber and having a longitudinal passage with a port leading thereinto and a port leading therefrom a second or inner fiuid-pressure chamber communicating with the outport of the valve, a valve-chamber on each side of the main casing communicating with the second or inner fluid-pressure chamber, a triple valve in each valve-chamber, passages in the cap or head adjacent to the valvechambers and communicating with the ports of the induction-eduction passages of the main casing, an eductionport common to both sets of eduction-passages, a main eduction fluid-pressure chamber, a second fluidpressure eduction-chamber and a discharge from the second fluid pressure eductionchamber controlled by asemirotating handle, substantially as described.

12. In a portable pneumatic drilling-inachine, the combination of a first or primary induction fluid-pressu re chamber, a second or intermediate fluid-pressure induction-chamber, a valve-chamber on each side of the second or intermediate fiuid-pressure inductionchamber and in connection therewith, a controlling-valve in each valve-chamber, each valve inducting and educting fluid-pressure to and from a line of cylinders for each valve, an eduction fluid-pressure chamber common to both controlling-valves and to both lines of cylinders and a main valve interposed between the two induction-chambers and the eduction-chamber and controlling the induction of fluid-pressure between the first or primary and the second or intermediate induction-chambers and the flow of fluid-pres sure into and out from the eduction-chamber, substantially as described.

13. In a portable pneumatic drilling-machine, the combination of a casing, a system of cylinders arranged in sets within the easing, each set having its cylinders arranged on opposite sides of a crank-shaft in lateral line with each other and in different transverse planes to the crank-shaft and each re ceiving fluid-pressure, a valve-chamber for each lateral line of cylinders having ports and passages from each valve-chamber leading to the respective cylinders on the same side as the valve-chamber, and a triple valve for each valve-chamber controlling the ports and passages leading to the lateral line of cylinders, substantially as described,

14. In a portable pneumatic drilling-machine, the combination of a system of cylinders arranged in sets, each set having its cylinders on opposite sides of the crank-shaft in lateral line with each other and in difierent transverse planes to the crank-shaft, a valvechamber for each lateral line of cylinders, a triple valve in each valve-chamber, a chamher for the induction of fluid to the valvechambers and ports and passages to and from the valve-chambers for supplying fluid-pressure to and exhausting fluid-pressure from the respective line of lateral cylinders, substantially as described.

15. In a portable pneumatic drilling-machine, the combination of a first or primary induction fluid-pressure chamber,a second or intermediate flui l-pressure induction-chamber, a valve-chamber on each side of the second or intermediate fluid-pressure inductionchamber and in communication therewith, a controlling-valve in each valve-chamber, each valve inducting and eduoting fiuid-pressure to and from a line of cylinders for each valve, an eduction fluid-pressure chamber common to both controlling-valves and to both lines of cylinders, a semirotating main valve interposed between the two induction-chambers and the eduction-chamber, and a semirotating handle for moving the valve and controlling the induction of fluid-pressure between the first or primary and the second or intermediate induction-chambers and the flow of fluid-pressure into and out from the eduction-chamber, substantially as described.

16. In a portable pneumatic drilling-machine, the combination of at least two sets of fiuid-pressu re cylinders arranged in diiferent planes and in parallel lines having two cylinders in each set substantially at right angles to each other, a reciprocating piston in each cylinder,a crank-shaft provided with a crankshaft opposite each set of cylinders and connected with the movable piston therein, a valve-casing forming a cap for the cylindercasing and provided with a fluid-pressure chamber and valve-chambers arranged at right angles to each other, one for each line of parallel-arranged cylinders, a reciprocating piston-valve in each valve-chamber connected with the crankshaft and arranged to be operated thereby, passages leading from the chambers of the controlling-valves to the fluid-pressure chambers to control the exhaust and supply of fluid thereto, a common throttle-valve arranged in the inlet-passage be tween the fluid-pressure chamber and the valve-chambers and arranged to be rotated and provided with two-or more ports and passages, whereby the rotations of the throttlevalve convert the inlet-passages in to exhaustpassages and vice versa, substantially as described.

17. In a portable pneumatic drilling-machine, the combination of a casing, at least two sets of fluid-pressure cylinders having at least two cylinders in each set arranged sub stantially parallel with the cylinders in the adjacent set, a reciprocating piston in each cylinder, a single crank-shaft connected with all of the pistons, a controlling reciprocating valve arranged for each set of the parallelarranged cylinders parallel therewith and adjacent to the crank-shaft to admit and exhaust fluid-pressure in each line of parallelarranged cylinders, a tapered throttle-valve arranged in the inlet-passage between the supply of motive fluid and the controllingvalves arranged to have a partial rotation and provided with two ormore ports and passages connected with the exhaust and inlet of each of the controlling-valves, whereby the r0ta I 5 tion or partial rotation ofthe throttle-valves converts the exhaust into an inlet'passage and vice versa, substantially as described.

HENRY JAMES KIMMAN. Witnesses:

THOMAS F. SHERIDAN, THOMAS E. MoGREooR. 

